Enhancing Islamic Learning through Augmented Reality: A Literature Review on Mobile Learning Applications for KAFA Education

Abstract

The integration of digital technologies into education has created new opportunities to enhance teaching and learning experiences, including in the field of Islamic education. Among these technologies, Augmented Reality (AR) and mobile learning applications have gained increasing attention due to their potential to provide interactive and engaging learning environments. This study presents a literature review on the application of AR in Islamic education, particularly within the context of KAFA and Sirah learning. The review also examines the role of mobile learning applications and interactive multimedia in supporting student engagement and learning experiences. Relevant literature published between 2020 and 2025 was collected from academic databases and analysed using a thematic approach. The findings indicate that mobile learning applications contribute positively to learning accessibility, flexibility, and student engagement, while multimedia elements such as animation, audio, video, and interactive activities enhance motivation and knowledge retention. Although existing KAFA applications, including KAFA & UPKK Quiz, Hafazan KAFA, and Pandai, provide valuable learning support, most rely heavily on text-based content and conventional assessment methods. The review further reveals that the application of AR in Islamic education remains limited despite its potential to improve the learning of Sirah through immersive visualisation and interactive learning experiences. The study identifies a significant gap in the development of AR-based mobile learning applications specifically designed for KAFA education. Therefore, future research should focus on integrating AR and interactive multimedia technologies to create more engaging and meaningful Islamic learning environments. This review contributes to the growing body of knowledge on technology-enhanced Islamic education and provides directions for future research and application development.